Filipino Martial Arts or FMA typically refers to the martial arts of Arnis, Escrima, and Kali, which are interchangeable terms for systems of fighting with and against sticks, knives, swords, axes, improvised weapons, empty hands, and more. In a reversal of most martial arts systems, students learn to use weapons first, progressing to smaller weapons and then empty hands. Students are expected to be able to use weapons in either hand, or both hands.